Cello

The cello (full name violincello) is one of the largest instruments of the string family, second only to the double bass. It evolved out of the viola da gamba which was played in a similar manner to the cello. The viola da gamba was eventually supplanted due to its lack of sound projection; the first cellos dating from the 1500s. Like its smaller cousin, the violin, the cello is played with a bow, although pizzicato (plucking the strings) can also be used. It has a lower register than the violin and is used primarily in chamber groups such as the string quartet to provide the supporting bass harmonics. The cello’s rich tone has been used to advantage by countless composers down the ages. As a solo instrument, its beautiful sonorities are revealed in J.S. Bach’s Solo Cello Suites for example. As a concertante instrument it has provided many memorable moments, including concertos by Haydn, Dvorak and Elgar.